PhytophthoraV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 001B82

Phylogeny of chitinases and its implications for estimating horizontal gene transfer from chitinase-transgenic silver birch (Betula pendula).

Identifieur interne : 001B82 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001B81; suivant : 001B83

Phylogeny of chitinases and its implications for estimating horizontal gene transfer from chitinase-transgenic silver birch (Betula pendula).

Auteurs : Katileena Lohtander [Finlande] ; Hanna-Leena Pasonen ; Markku K. Aalto ; Tapio Palva ; Ari Pappinen ; Jouko Rikkinen

Source :

Environmental biosafety research [ 1635-7922 ]

RBID : pubmed:19081010

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Amino Acid Sequence (MeSH), Beta vulgaris (enzymology), Beta vulgaris (genetics), Betula (enzymology), Betula (genetics), Chitinases (genetics), Expressed Sequence Tags (MeSH), Gene Transfer, Horizontal (MeSH), Phylogeny (MeSH), Plants, Genetically Modified (enzymology), Plants, Genetically Modified (genetics), Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH).
MESH :
- chemical , genetics : Chitinases.
- enzymology : Beta vulgaris, Betula, Plants, Genetically Modified.
- genetics : Beta vulgaris, Betula, Plants, Genetically Modified.
- Amino Acid Sequence, Expressed Sequence Tags, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Phylogeny, Sequence Analysis, DNA.

Abstract

Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes that have been employed in biotechnology in attempts to increase plants' resistance against fungal pathogens. Genetically modified plants have given rise to concerns of the spreading of transgenes into the environment through vertical or horizontal gene transfer (HGT). In this study, chitinase-like sequences from silver birch (Betula pendula) EST-libraries were identified and their phylogenetic relationships to other chitinases were studied. Phylogenetic analyses were used to estimate the frequency of historical gene transfer events of chitinase genes between plants and other organisms, and the usefulness of phylogenetic analyses as a source of information for the risk assessment of transgenic silver birch carrying a sugar beet chitinase IV gene was evaluated. Thirteen partial chitinase-like sequences, with an approximate length of 600 bp, were obtained from the EST-libraries. The sequences belonged to five chitinase classes. Some bacterial chitinases from Streptomyces and Burkholderia, as well as a chitinase from an oomycete, Phytophthora infestans, grouped together with the class IV chitinases of plants, supporting the hypothesis that some class IV chitinases in bacteria have evolved from eukaryotic chitinases via horizontal gene transfer. According to our analyses, HGT of a chitinase IV gene from eukaryotes to bacteria has presumably occurred only once. Based on this, the likelihood for the HGT of chitinase IV gene from transgenic birch to other organisms is extremely low. However, as risk is a function of both the likelihood and consequences of an event, the effects of rare HGT event(s) will finally determine the level of the risk.

DOI: 10.1051/ebr:2008019
PubMed: 19081010

Affiliations:

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<author><name sortKey="Lohtander, Katileena" sort="Lohtander, Katileena" uniqKey="Lohtander K" first="Katileena" last="Lohtander">Katileena Lohtander</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Botanical Museum, P.O. Box 7, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. katileena.lohtander@helsinki.fi</nlm:affiliation>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence (MeSH)</term>
<term>Beta vulgaris (enzymology)</term>
<term>Beta vulgaris (genetics)</term>
<term>Betula (enzymology)</term>
<term>Betula (genetics)</term>
<term>Chitinases (genetics)</term>
<term>Expressed Sequence Tags (MeSH)</term>
<term>Gene Transfer, Horizontal (MeSH)</term>
<term>Phylogeny (MeSH)</term>
<term>Plants, Genetically Modified (enzymology)</term>
<term>Plants, Genetically Modified (genetics)</term>
<term>Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH)</term>
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<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH)</term>
<term>Beta vulgaris (enzymologie)</term>
<term>Beta vulgaris (génétique)</term>
<term>Betula (enzymologie)</term>
<term>Betula (génétique)</term>
<term>Chitinase (génétique)</term>
<term>Phylogenèse (MeSH)</term>
<term>Séquence d'acides aminés (MeSH)</term>
<term>Transfert horizontal de gène (MeSH)</term>
<term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (enzymologie)</term>
<term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (génétique)</term>
<term>Étiquettes de séquences exprimées (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Chitinases</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enzymologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Beta vulgaris</term>
<term>Betula</term>
<term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enzymology" xml:lang="en"><term>Beta vulgaris</term>
<term>Betula</term>
<term>Plants, Genetically Modified</term>
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<term>Betula</term>
<term>Plants, Genetically Modified</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Beta vulgaris</term>
<term>Betula</term>
<term>Chitinase</term>
<term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence</term>
<term>Expressed Sequence Tags</term>
<term>Gene Transfer, Horizontal</term>
<term>Phylogeny</term>
<term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term>
<term>Phylogenèse</term>
<term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term>
<term>Transfert horizontal de gène</term>
<term>Étiquettes de séquences exprimées</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes that have been employed in biotechnology in attempts to increase plants' resistance against fungal pathogens. Genetically modified plants have given rise to concerns of the spreading of transgenes into the environment through vertical or horizontal gene transfer (HGT). In this study, chitinase-like sequences from silver birch (Betula pendula) EST-libraries were identified and their phylogenetic relationships to other chitinases were studied. Phylogenetic analyses were used to estimate the frequency of historical gene transfer events of chitinase genes between plants and other organisms, and the usefulness of phylogenetic analyses as a source of information for the risk assessment of transgenic silver birch carrying a sugar beet chitinase IV gene was evaluated. Thirteen partial chitinase-like sequences, with an approximate length of 600 bp, were obtained from the EST-libraries. The sequences belonged to five chitinase classes. Some bacterial chitinases from Streptomyces and Burkholderia, as well as a chitinase from an oomycete, Phytophthora infestans, grouped together with the class IV chitinases of plants, supporting the hypothesis that some class IV chitinases in bacteria have evolved from eukaryotic chitinases via horizontal gene transfer. According to our analyses, HGT of a chitinase IV gene from eukaryotes to bacteria has presumably occurred only once. Based on this, the likelihood for the HGT of chitinase IV gene from transgenic birch to other organisms is extremely low. However, as risk is a function of both the likelihood and consequences of an event, the effects of rare HGT event(s) will finally determine the level of the risk.</div>
</front>
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<DateCompleted><Year>2009</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
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<DateRevised><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>24</Day>
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<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>7</Volume>
<Issue>4</Issue>
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<Title>Environmental biosafety research</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Environ Biosafety Res</ISOAbbreviation>
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<ArticleTitle>Phylogeny of chitinases and its implications for estimating horizontal gene transfer from chitinase-transgenic silver birch (Betula pendula).</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>227-39</MedlinePgn>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes that have been employed in biotechnology in attempts to increase plants' resistance against fungal pathogens. Genetically modified plants have given rise to concerns of the spreading of transgenes into the environment through vertical or horizontal gene transfer (HGT). In this study, chitinase-like sequences from silver birch (Betula pendula) EST-libraries were identified and their phylogenetic relationships to other chitinases were studied. Phylogenetic analyses were used to estimate the frequency of historical gene transfer events of chitinase genes between plants and other organisms, and the usefulness of phylogenetic analyses as a source of information for the risk assessment of transgenic silver birch carrying a sugar beet chitinase IV gene was evaluated. Thirteen partial chitinase-like sequences, with an approximate length of 600 bp, were obtained from the EST-libraries. The sequences belonged to five chitinase classes. Some bacterial chitinases from Streptomyces and Burkholderia, as well as a chitinase from an oomycete, Phytophthora infestans, grouped together with the class IV chitinases of plants, supporting the hypothesis that some class IV chitinases in bacteria have evolved from eukaryotic chitinases via horizontal gene transfer. According to our analyses, HGT of a chitinase IV gene from eukaryotes to bacteria has presumably occurred only once. Based on this, the likelihood for the HGT of chitinase IV gene from transgenic birch to other organisms is extremely low. However, as risk is a function of both the likelihood and consequences of an event, the effects of rare HGT event(s) will finally determine the level of the risk.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lohtander</LastName>
<ForeName>Katileena</ForeName>
<Initials>K</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Botanical Museum, P.O. Box 7, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. katileena.lohtander@helsinki.fi</Affiliation>
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<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000595" MajorTopicYN="N">Amino Acid Sequence</DescriptorName>
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<QualifierName UI="Q000201" MajorTopicYN="N">enzymology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D029662" MajorTopicYN="N">Betula</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000201" MajorTopicYN="N">enzymology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName>
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<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017422" MajorTopicYN="N">Sequence Analysis, DNA</DescriptorName>
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<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Aalto, Markku K" sort="Aalto, Markku K" uniqKey="Aalto M" first="Markku K" last="Aalto">Markku K. Aalto</name>
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<name sortKey="Pappinen, Ari" sort="Pappinen, Ari" uniqKey="Pappinen A" first="Ari" last="Pappinen">Ari Pappinen</name>
<name sortKey="Pasonen, Hanna Leena" sort="Pasonen, Hanna Leena" uniqKey="Pasonen H" first="Hanna-Leena" last="Pasonen">Hanna-Leena Pasonen</name>
<name sortKey="Rikkinen, Jouko" sort="Rikkinen, Jouko" uniqKey="Rikkinen J" first="Jouko" last="Rikkinen">Jouko Rikkinen</name>
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<country name="Finlande"><region name="Uusimaa"><name sortKey="Lohtander, Katileena" sort="Lohtander, Katileena" uniqKey="Lohtander K" first="Katileena" last="Lohtander">Katileena Lohtander</name>
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Phylogeny of chitinases and its implications for estimating horizontal gene transfer from chitinase-transgenic silver birch (Betula pendula).

Phylogeny of chitinases and its implications for estimating horizontal gene transfer from chitinase-transgenic silver birch (Betula pendula).

Source :

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

Le document en format XML

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

Pour générer des pages wiki